Mattel IntelliVision II 5872 Manuel d'utilisateur télécharger pdf (Page 37)

Hackers tend to take this a step further and argue that the difference

between a substrate of CHON atoms and water and a substrate of silicon

and metal is a relatively unimportant one; what matters, what makes a

thing `alive', is information and richness of pattern. This is animism

from the flip side; it implies that humans and computers and dolphins

and rocks are all machines exhibiting a continuum of modes of

`consciousness' according to their information-processing capacity.

Because hackers accept a that a human machine can have intentions, it

is therefore easy for them to ascribe consciousness and intention to

complex patterned systems such as computers. If consciousness is

mechanical, it is neither more or less absurd to say that "The program

wants to go into an infinite loop" than it is to say that "I want to

go eat some chocolate" - and even defensible to say that "The stone,

once dropped, wants to move towards the center of the earth".

This viewpoint has respectable company in academic philosophy. Daniel

Dennett organizes explanations of behavior using three stances: the

"physical stance" (thing-to-be-explained as a physical object), the

"design stance" (thing-to-be-explained as an artifact), and the

"intentional stance" (thing-to-be-explained as an agent with desires

and intentions). Which stances are appropriate is a matter not of

truth but of utility. Hackers typically view simple programs from the

design stance, but more complex ones are modelled using the

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Mattel IntelliVision II 5872 Manuel d'utilisateur Page 37